老人家頭暈、疲勞、腰痠背痛只是慢性病？70歲的陳爺爺是一名牙醫，平常愛打網球，卻因為腰痠背痛症狀越來越嚴重，不得不放棄，一次騎車摔倒就醫，這才發現骨密度相當差，且長期貧血，轉診至血液腫瘤科，確診罹患多發性骨髓瘤，且骨頭已被嚴重侵蝕，千瘡百孔，剖面如同法國麵包一個洞接一個洞。
台大醫院內科部血液科醫師黃聖懿表示，陳爺爺正是典型的個案，因為骨鬆、貧血等主要症狀，易被誤解為其他疾病，甚至被輕忽，臨床不少患者從開始有症狀到被確診，可能拖上6到9個月，影響病程可能已惡化到下一個期別。
據統計，多發性骨髓瘤是國內發生率第3高的血液癌症，每年新增患者約500人，台大醫院統計過去千名多發性骨髓瘤患者就醫的原因，以「骨痛」與「骨折」最為常見。
黃聖懿說，治療多發性骨髓瘤，最大困難是復發率相當高，所幸，近10年來新藥接續問世，治療上可藉由不同藥物組合、搭配移植，讓患者的存活期從過去的平均2年半延長至5到7年，甚至有4分之1超過10年，儘管無法治癒，但死亡率逐漸下降；且健保今年也通過後線口服藥物治療給付，鼓勵患者積極接受治療。
多發性骨髓瘤成因仍不明，黃聖懿指出，多半認為與基因、環境有關，好發在65至70歲的多發性骨髓瘤，在台灣高齡人口逐年增加下，老年人對於貧血、疼痛等症狀，應更加警覺，尤其7成以上的多發性骨髓瘤患者都有骨鬆現象、一折就斷。
癌症希望基金會與台大醫院血液科今日也公布首次「多發性骨髓瘤癌友及家屬癌後生活需求」研究結果，報告指出，患者生理上的不適對生活造成嚴重困擾，包括：藥物造成的副作用、疾病造成行動力降低；另一方面，照顧者面臨的壓力也非常大，包含過多醫療資訊的轟炸、醫病溝通的有限性，以及對死亡的擔心。
癌症希望基金會副執行長鄭凱芸說，基金會正與醫師共同規劃患者衛教手冊及專業講座，以填補醫病溝通的缺口，未來也將推出適合多發性骨髓瘤患者的復健運動處方及專屬的病友關懷袋，讓患者能獲得身心的全面照護。
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Old people dizziness, fatigue, back pain is only a chronic disease? 70-year-old grandfather Chen is a dentist. He usually loves to play tennis. However, he has to give up because of the symptoms of back pain. He has to give up and go to the hospital for a ride. This shows that the bone density is quite poor and long-term anemia. Referred to the Department of Hematology, the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, and the bones have been severely eroded, riddled with holes, like a French bread with a hole and a hole.
Dr. Huang Shengyu, a hematologist at the Department of Internal Medicine of National Taiwan University Hospital, said that Grandpa Chen is a typical case. Because of the main symptoms such as osteoporosis and anemia, he is easily misunderstood as other diseases, even neglected. Many patients in the clinic have symptoms from the beginning to the diagnosis. It may be dragged on for 6 to 9 months, and the affected course may have deteriorated to the next stage.
According to statistics, multiple myeloma is the third highest incidence of blood cancer in China. About 500 new patients are added each year. The National Taiwan University Hospital counts the reasons for the treatment of thousands of patients with multiple myeloma in the past, with "bone pain" and "fracture". Most common.
Huang Shengqi said that the biggest difficulty in treating multiple myeloma is that the recurrence rate is quite high. Fortunately, in the past 10 years, new drugs have been introduced, and the treatment can be carried out by different drug combinations and transplantation, so that the patient's survival period is from the past two and a half years. It is extended to 5 to 7 years, and even 1 / 4 of it is more than 10 years. Although it is incurable, the mortality rate is gradually decreasing. Health care is also paid through the oral medication for this year, encouraging patients to actively receive treatment.
The cause of multiple myeloma remains unclear. Huang Shengzhen pointed out that most of them are related to genes and environment. They are prone to multiple myeloma between the ages of 65 and 70. Under the increasing age of Taiwan, the elderly should be symptomatic about anemia and pain. More alert, especially more than 70% of patients with multiple myeloma have bone loosening, one fold off.
The Cancer Hope Foundation and the Department of Hematology of National Taiwan University Hospital also announced the results of the first study on the needs of post-cancer needs of multiple myeloma patients and their families. The report pointed out that the physical discomfort of patients is seriously plagued by life, including: side effects caused by drugs. Diseases cause reduced mobility; on the other hand, caregivers are also under great pressure, including excessive medical information bombing, limited medical communication, and fear of death.
Zheng Kaixuan, deputy executive director of the Cancer Hope Foundation, said that the Foundation is working with physicians to plan patient health manuals and professional lectures to fill the gap between medical and medical communication. In the future, it will also introduce rehabilitation exercise prescriptions and exclusive prescriptions for patients with multiple myeloma. The patient cares for the bag, so that the patient can get full care of the body and mind.
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